RYDER SYSTEM, INC. (NYSE:R) Files An 8-K Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Operating Revenue Measures:

Operating Revenue

FMS Operating Revenue

DTS Operating Revenue

SCS Operating Revenue

FMS EBT as a % of FMS Operating Revenue

DTS EBT as a % of DTS Operating Revenue

SCS EBT as a % of SCS Operating Revenue

Operating revenue is defined as total revenue for Ryder System, Inc. or each business segment (FMS, DTS and SCS), respectively, excluding any (1) fuel and (2) subcontracted transportation. We believe operating revenue provides useful information to investors as we use it to evaluate the operating performance of our core businesses and as a measure of sales activity at the consolidated level for Ryder System, Inc., as well as for each of our business segments. We also use segment EBT as a percentage of segment operating revenue for each business segment for the same reason. Note: FMS EBT, DTS EBT and SCS EBT, our primary measures of segment performance, are not non-GAAP measures.

Fuel: We exclude FMS, DTS and SCS fuel from the calculation of our operating revenue measures, as fuel is an ancillary service that we provide our customers, which is impacted by fluctuations in market fuel prices, and the costs are largely a pass-through to our customers, resulting in minimal changes in our profitability during periods of steady market fuel prices. However, profitability may be positively or negatively impacted by rapid changes in market fuel prices during a short period of time, as customer pricing for fuel services is established based on trailing market fuel costs.

Subcontracted transportation: We also exclude subcontracted transportation from the calculation of our operating revenue measures, as these services are also typically a pass-through to our customers and, therefore, fluctuations result in minimal changes to our profitability. While our DTS and SCS business segments subcontract certain transportation services to third party providers, our FMS business segment does not engage in subcontracted transportation and, therefore, this item is not applicable to FMS.

Operating Revenue Growth Excluding Foreign Exchange

Operating revenue growth excluding foreign exchange is calculated by dividing the results for the current and prior year periods by the exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2016, which was the last day of the prior year period, rather than the actual exchange rates in effect as of December 31, 2017. Ryder's period-over-period operating revenue growth excluding foreign exchange excludes the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates from our operating revenue financial measures. Due to the variability of foreign exchange rates from period to period, we believe operating revenue growth excluding foreign exchange is useful to investors to evaluate period-over-period operating performance.

Comparable Earnings Measures:

Comparable Earnings Before Tax (EBT)

Comparable Earnings

Comparable Earnings per Diluted Common Share (EPS)

Comparable EPS

Forecast

Comparable Tax Rate

Comparable EBT, comparable earnings, comparable EPS, comparable EPS forecast and comparable tax rate are defined, respectively, as GAAP EBT, earnings, EPS, EPS forecast and effective tax rate, all from continuing operations, excluding (1) non-operating pension costs and (2) any other significant items that are not representative of our business operations. We believe these comparable earnings measures provide useful information to investors and allow for better year-over-year comparison of operating performance.

Non-Operating Pension Costs: Our comparable earnings measures exclude non-operating pension costs, which include the amortization of net actuarial loss and prior service cost, interest cost and expected return on plan assets components of pension and postretirement benefit costs. We exclude non-operating pension costs because we consider these to be impacted by financial market performance and outside the operational performance of our business.

Other Significant Items: Our comparable earnings measures also exclude other significant items that are not representative of our business operations. These other significant items vary from period to period and, in some periods, there may be no such significant items. In this reporting period and comparable periods, we exclude the following other significant items from our comparable earnings measures in this Form 8-K:

(1) Restructuring charges and fees, net (in the full year of 2017 and full year of 2016). In the second quarter of 2017, we recorded restructuring credits related to the gains on sale of certain UK facilities. We also recorded consulting fees associated with a cost-savings program in the third and fourth quarter of 2017. During the fourth quarter of 2017 and 2016, we approved plans to reduce our workforce in multiple locations as a result of cost containment actions.

(2) Tax reform related adjustments, net (in the full year of 2017). In the fourth quarter of 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law. We recognized a benefit during the fourth quarter associated with the adoption of tax reform. In addition, we awarded a one-time bonus in connection with the benefit of Tax Reform to all U.S.-based non-incentive eligible employees of the Company as of December 31, 2017.

(3) Operating tax adjustment (in the full year of 2017). In the first quarter of 2017, we recorded a one-time charge related to operating tax expenses that had not been recognized in prior period earnings.

(4) Pension related adjustment (in the full year of 2017 and full year of 2016). In the third quarter of 2017, we recorded an estimated pension settlement charge for the exit from a U.S. multi-employer pension plan. In the second quarter of 2016, it was determined that certain pension benefit improvements made in 2009 were not fully reflected in our projected benefit obligation, resulting in a charge to reflect those pension benefits.

(5) Gain on sale of property (in the full year of 2017). In the fourth quarter of 2017, we recorded a gain on the sale of a SCS property.

(6) Tax law changes (in the full year of 2017). In the third quarter of 2017, the state of Illinois enacted changes to their tax system, which increased the provision for income taxes.

Calculation of comparable tax rate:The comparable provision for income taxes is computed using the same methodology as the GAAP provision for income taxes. Income tax effects of non-GAAP adjustments are calculated based on the statutory tax rates of the jurisdictions to which the non-GAAP adjustments relate.

Adjusted Return on

Average Capital

(ROC)

Adjusted ROC Spread

Adjusted ROC: Adjusted ROC is defined as adjusted net earnings divided by average adjusted total capital and represents the rate of return generated by the capital deployed in our business. The adjustments represent the comparable items described above which are excluded, as applicable, from the calculation of net earnings and average shareholder's equity (a component of average total capital).

Adjusted ROC Spread: Adjusted ROC spread is defined as the difference between adjusted ROC and the weighted average cost of capital. We use adjusted ROC and adjusted ROC spread as internal measures of how effectively we use the capital invested (borrowed or owned) in our operations.

Cash Flow Measures:

Total Cash Generated

Free Cash Flow

We consider total cash generated and free cash flow to be important measures of comparative operating performance, as our principal sources of operating liquidity are cash from operations and proceeds from the sale of revenue earning equipment.

Total Cash Generated: Total cash generated is defined as the sum of (1) net cash provided by operating activities, (2) net cash provided by the sale of revenue earning equipment, (3) net cash provided by the sale of operating property and equipment, (4) collections on direct finance leases and (5) other cash inflows from investing activities. We believe total cash generated is an important measure of total cash flows generated from our ongoing business activities.

Free Cash Flow: We refer to the net amount of cash generated from operating activities and investing activities (excluding changes in restricted cash and acquisitions) from continuing operations as “free cash flow”. We calculate free cash flow as the sum of (1) net cash provided by operating activities, (2) net cash provided by the sale of revenue earning equipment, (3) net cash provided by the sale of operating property and equipment, (4) collections on direct finance leases and (5) other cash inflows from investing activities, less (6) purchases of property and revenue earning equipment. We believe free cash flow provides investors with an important perspective on the cash available for debt service and for shareholders, after making capital investments required to support ongoing business operations. Our calculation of free cash flow may be different from the calculation used by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited.